Lifestyle factors, genetics, and prostate cancer risk and progression
Lifestyle factors, genetics, and risk of advanced prostate cancer
Few risk factors for prostate cancer have been identified. A population-based case-control study of advanced prostate cancer (regional and distant disease) in African-American and white men was conducted to examine the relationship with several potentially modifiable lifestyle factors, including vitamin D from sun exposure, diet and supplements, calcium intake, exercise and other sources of physical activity, body size, and weight change. In-person interviews collected information on demographic background, residential history, lifetime physical activity, sun exposure, occupational history, dietary intake (by food frequency questionnaire), supplement use, body size, weight change, smoking, alcohol consumption, medication use, family history of cancer, and medical factors. Blood or mouthwash samples were collected to investigate whether alterations (genetic polymorphisms) in the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene and other genes are related to the development of prostate cancer. Interview data, skin pigmentation and anthropometric measurements, and biospecimens were collected for 568 African-American and white cases diagnosed with advanced prostate cancer between 1997 and 2000 and 545 African-American and white controls without a history of prostate cancer. Various analyses are on-going.
Lifestyle factors and progression of prostate cancer
The aims of this study are to identify lifestyle and other factors related to the progression of prostate cancer by comparing patients diagnosed with localized disease to those diagnosed with advanced disease. Using the same questionnaire and protocol as that for the study of advanced prostate cancer, interview data and skin pigmentation and anthropometric measurements were collected for 208 African-American and white men diagnosed with localized prostate cancer between 1997 and 1998. Various analyses are on-going.
Principal Investigator: Esther M. John, Ph.D.
Co-investigator: Sue Ingles, Dr.P.H., University of Southern California
Funding: California Cancer Research Program/Public Health Institute (864A-8702-S3514); California Cancer Research Program (99-00527V-10182)
Collaborative Studies
California collaborative case-control study of advanced prostate cancer
A parallel population-based case-control study of advanced prostate cancer in African-American, Hispanic and non-Hispanic white men was conducted in Los Angeles county by Dr. Sue Ingles at the University of Southern California. Both the Northern and Southern California study components used the same protocol and data collection instruments for future joint molecular studies and epidemiologic analyses. The combined resource comprises data and biospecimens for nearly 3,000 men. Joint analyses are on-going, focusing on gene-environment interactions and racial/ethnic differences in risk factors for advanced prostate cancer.
Admixture mapping in African-American men
The resources for advanced prostate cancer cases and controls have been contributed to a large multi-center study, led by Dr. David Reich at Harvard University, that aims to identify new susceptibility genes for prostate cancer.
Publications
John EM, Schwartz GG, Koo J, Van Den Berg D, Ingles S. Sun exposure, vitamin D receptor polymorphisms and risk of advanced prostate cancer. Cancer Res 2005;65:5470-9.
Robinson WR, Stevens J, Gammon MD, John EM. Obesity before age 30 and risk of advanced prostate cancer. Am J Epidemiol 2005;161:1107-14.
Freedman ML, Haiman CA, Patterson N, McDonald GJ, Tandon A, Waliszewska A, Penney K, Steen RG, Ardlie K, John EM, Oakley-Girvan I, Whittemore AS, Cooney KA, Ingles SA, Altshuler D, Henderson BE, Reich D. Admixture mapping identifies 8q24 as a prostate cancer risk locus in African American men. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2006;103:14068-73.
Haiman CA, Patterson N, Freedman ML, Myers SR, Pike MC, Waliszewska A, Neubauer J, Tandon A, Schirmer C, McDonald GJ, Greenway SC, Stram DO, Le Marchand L, Kolonel LN, Frasco M, Wong D, Pooler LC, Ardlie K, Oakley-Girvan I, Whittemore AS, Cooney KA, John EM, Ingles SA, Altshuler D, Henderson BE, Reich D. Multiple regions within 8q24 independently affect risk for prostate cancer. Nat Genet 2007;39:638-44. |
