Prostate cancer in high-, medium- and low-risk populations
The incidence of prostate cancer varies considerably by race/ethnicity. This case-control study of prostate cancer was conducted in the San Francisco Bay area, Los Angeles, Hawaii, Vancouver, Canada, and Toronto, Canada to investigate whether diet, physical activity, body size, and migration characteristics explain some of the differences in incidence between African-Americans (high risk), whites (intermediate risk), and Chinese and Japanese (low risk). In-person interviews were completed with 1,655 cases of prostate cancer diagnosed between 1987 and 1991 and 1,645 men without a history of prostate cancer. Results have been published on the association of prostate cancer risk with intake of dietary fat, vegetables, fruits, and legumes, physical activity, body size, vasectomy, and family history of prostate cancer. Several publications examined serum levels of androgens, prostate-specific antigen (PSA), and 5-alpha reductase in relation to various lifestyle factors.
NCCC Principal Investigator (subcontract): Dee W. West, Ph.D.
Principal Investigator: Alice Whittemore, Ph.D., Stanford University
Collaborators: Esther M. John, Ph.D, Stanford University (now at NCCC); Anna Wu, Ph.D., University of Southern California; Larry Kolonel, M.D., University of Hawaii; Richard Gallagher, British Columbia Cancer Agency; Geoffrey R. Howe, Ph.D., National Cancer Institute of Canada
Funding: National Cancer Institute, 1989-1992
Publications:
Whittemore AS, Kolonel LN, Wu AH, John EM, Gallagher RP, Howe GR, Burch JD, Hankin J, Dreon DM, West DW, Teh C-Z, Paffenbarger RS, Jr. Prostate cancer in relation to diet, physical activity, and body size in blacks, whites, and Asians in the United States and Canada. J Natl Cancer Inst 87:652-61, 1995.
Whittemore AS, Wu AH, Kolonel LN, John EM, Gallagher RP, Howe GR, West DW, Teh CZ, Stamey T. Family history and prostate cancer risk in black, white, and Asian men in the United States and Canada. Am J Epidemiol 141:732-40, 1995.
John EM, Whittemore AS, Wu AH, Kolonel LN, Hislop TG, Howe GR, West DW, Hankin J, Dreon DM, Teh CZ, Burch JD, Paffenbarger RS, Jr. Vasectomy and prostate cancer: Results from a multiethnic case-control study. J Natl Cancer Inst 87:662-69, 1995.
Wu AH, Whittemore AS, Kolonel LN, John EM, Gallagher RP, West DW, Hankin J, Dreon DM, Paffenbarger RS, Jr. Serum androgens in relation to lifestyle factors in older African-American, white, and Asian men in the U.S. and Canada. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 4:735-41, 1995.
Shibata A, Whittemore AS, Imai K, Kolonel LN, Wu AH, John EM, Stamey TA, Paffenbarger RS. Serum levels of prostate-specific antigen among Japanese-American men and men in Japan. J Natl Cancer Inst 89:1716-20, 1997.
Kolonel LM, Hankin JH, Whittemore AS, Wu AH, Gallagher RP, Wilkens LR, John EM, Howe GR, Dreon DM, West DW, Paffenbarger RS, Jr. Vegetables, fruits, legumes and prostate cancers: A multiethnic case-control study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2000; 9:795-804.
Wu AH, Whittemore AS, Kolonel LN, Stanzyk FZ, John EM, Gallagher RP, West DW. Lifestyle determinants of 5a-reductase metabolites in older African-American, white and Asian-American men. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2001; 10:533-3.
Gong G, Oakley-Girvan I, Wu AH, Kolonel LN, John EM, West WW, Felberg A, Whittemore AS. Segregation analysis of prostate cancer in 1,719 white, African-American and Asian-American families in the United States and Canada. Cancer Causes and Control 2002; 13(5):471-82.
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